Scarlet 1, Emerald 1 – Tongue
Proper tongue control is a primary dependency skill in which many other vocal techniques are rooted. Range of motion and free movement are vital to articulation and diction.

Scarlet 2, Emerald 2, 8, 9, Royal 3 – Staccato
The short note staccato promotes positive interdependence between the power of the abdominal muscles and the vocal chords. Developing this connection will enhance muscle coordination between these two points.

Royal 5, 9 –Arpeggio
The arpeggio develops and reinforces the linkage between the low and high registers.

Scarlet 4,9,10, Emerald 4, Royal 4, 7, 8 – Register Separation
The chest to head or chest to falsetto connection balances, separates and strengthens the ability to change between low and high registers. The use of Yo, Go, and Ko strengthens and coordinates both the front and the back of the tongue.

Scarlet 3, Emerald 3 – Legato
A smooth legato connection needs spinning air and vibrato pulsation. This pulsation creates the power that supports the smooth tonal transition between pitches.

Emerald 7, Royal 1 – Vibrato
The vibrato encourages the tonal sound to develop with a smooth turnover at precisely 6 turns to a second. This action allows the free, even production of tones.

Scarlet 5, 6, Emerald 6, 7, Royal 2, 6 – Runs and Turns
The runs and turns require freedom and agility. This is acquired by cultivating the inter-coordination of the air that is spun from the pressure of the abdominal muscles as the pitches go up and down. Sing the scale so that the notes move at the speed of the vibrato.

Scarlet 8, Emerald 1, 5 – Vowel Change
Vowel changing strengthens the connection between the movement of the tongue and the vowel sound it produces. (Proper vowel placement and articulation is key to free, clear, forward vocal production.)

Scarlet 7, 8, Emerald 5, Royal 3 – High Pre-set Vowel
The pre-set open format to form the vowel pre-stages the muscular position for proper vowel placement. Slightly lift cheek bones and drop jaw (not to be over done) before pre-setting vowel. This encourages a forward vowel placement so that resonance is created in the mask (sinus cavities).

Royal 5 may be sung using such phrases as:
Oh-si-gno- - - re
OR
Oh-ma-do- - - na
OR
Who – shall I ki - iss today
etc.

Scarlet 1 may be sung using different vowel combinations:
Ah-ay, ah-ay, ah-ay, ah-ay, ah
yah-la, yah-la, yah-la, yah-la, yah
oh-ee, oh-ee, oh-ee, oh-ee, oh
lah-gah, lah-gah, lah-gah, lah-gah, lah
kah-gah, kah-gah, kah-gah, kah-gah, kah